Of the weld in the 1st pic there are 2 reasons for the Fail.
If you weld 2 different thicknesses of steel together with a Mig
then the way is to point the wire ever so slightly to the thicker metal.
To me, I`d say the welder was set too low and was too much to one
side.
This creates what we call a Cold Lap Weld by where the heat is absorbed
into one side but laps or settles on the other without penetration.
It is worth bearing in mind that cheap black shitty steel has a shaley finish
and some of the power/ampage of the welder is taken up burning through this
slag like finish.
Sanding the steel clean is as important as the setting in my eye`s for a good weld.
I used to work at a Local Lift firm and their (Ugly Fat Toad) welder had 1 setting (Low)
for everything and hence he did welds like that. Scary when you consider those Lift`s
went up and down a shaft all day.
I became Fred the grass as i notified the boss and in turn became an enemy of all his dosser cronies and frequently found lift car floor screws strategically placed under my van wheel after 2 seperate punctures and thinking it was odd that the same type of screw was in both and the same tyre (Passenger front).
This is what happens when you care and upset the easy life of those who don`t give a
Poohdoo and get away with whatever they can.
Thankfully i moved on to better things and having been out of work since xmas i have been almost a week in a new setup welding Titanium Footpegs for Moto crossers and the likes.
http://www.raptortitanium.com/Fred.